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Children (Paediatric) ENT

Laryngomalacia in Children: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment in Patna, Bihar, India

What is Laryngomalacia in Children?

The most common reason babies breathe noisily is laryngomalacia, which involves the relaxation of soft tissues above the voice box (larynx) that fold into the airway, restricting airflow. Usually, such patients experience stridor, a whistling sound that worsens when the child feeds, cries, sleeps, or is placed supine.

The disease manifests soon after birth or develops in the first months of a baby’s life. In many children, laryngomalacia is mild, and the breathing problem resolves without intervention as the laryngeal structures mature. Still, moderate or severe forms of the disease may be accompanied by feeding difficulties, poor weight gain, breathing problems, disrupted sleep, and low oxygen saturation.

Breathing and eating are two functions that are connected in babies. Thus, it is very important to visit an otolaryngologist and ensure an accurate diagnosis and normal physical development.

Laryngomalacia in Children

What Causes Laryngomalacia in Children?

Laryngomalacia arises due to weak or underdeveloped tissues around the larynx.

Possible Causes and Contributing Factors Include:

  • Inherited or innate weaknesses of laryngeal tissues
  • Weakness of the larynx caused by insufficient development
  • Problems with neuromuscular coordination in some babies
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease related to airway irritation
  • Numerous rare neurological disorders

The cause is not precisely known, but the condition is innate, present from birth.

What are the Symptoms of Laryngomalacia in Children?

Loud breathing and other symptoms often occur during feeding, crying, or when the infant is lying on their back.

Common Symptoms Include:

  • Noisy breathing with a strident sound
  • Progressive increase in breathing noise when the baby eats or cries
  • Frequent difficulty eating food
  • Holding breath or choking while eating
  • Slow weight gain
  • Absence of breathing or apnea during sleep
  • Exhalation movements of the chest wall
  • Awakening during sleep at night
  • Irritability and inability to fall asleep

Symptoms can be exacerbated by colds or respiratory diseases.

Types of Laryngomalacia in Children

Laryngomalacia is categorized based on severity.

  • Mild Laryngomalacia: Occurrence of noisy breathing but no problems in swallowing and weight gain.
  • Moderate Laryngomalacia: Noisy breathing linked to difficulty in swallowing and sleeping.
  • Severe Laryngomalacia: A severe form of the illness causes breathing difficulties, malnutrition, hypoxia, and recurrent respiratory illnesses.

How Laryngomalacia Diagnosed in Children?

An accurate diagnosis helps determine airway functioning and exclude other causes of breathing noises.

Diagnostic Techniques Include:

  • A detailed clinical history and physical examination
  • Flexible laryngoscopy: visualization of the voice box with an endoscope of special design
  • Breathing pattern evaluation
  • Oxygen levels measurement in severe cases
  • Evaluation of reflux or airway disorders
  • Evaluation of sleep quality if breathing disorders occur while asleep

These tests allow ENT specialists to determine the severity of the disorder and its treatment options.

How is Laryngomalacia treated in children?

The therapy of laryngomalacia depends on the severity of symptoms and the extent of airway obstruction.

Monitoring

Most cases resolve by 18-24 months of age and require only monitoring.

Medication

  • Diet modification
  • The proper body position during feeding
  • Treatment of any accompanying acid reflux
  • Growth monitoring and breathing pattern monitoring

Non-Medical Interventions

  • Good nutrition and hydration
  • Preventing infections from developing in the lungs
  • Sleeping and breathing monitoring
  • Surgery
  • If laryngomalacia causes breathing difficulties or feeding problems, surgery is advised.
  • Procedure Performed:
  • Supraglottoplasty: removal of floppy tissues obstructing the airway opening. In modern times, endoscopic surgeries are performed successfully to relieve symptoms.y.

What are the complications of Laryngomalacia in children?

The failure to treat the condition leads to complications with breathing, feeding, and growth problems.

Complications that May Arise Include:

  • Difficulties in feeding and poor weight gain
  • Difficulties in sleeping
  • The recurrence of respiratory infections
  • Below normal oxygen levels
  • Late development because of poor nutrition
  • A very severe breathing problem on rare occasions

Prompt intervention prevents any possible serious problems with the airways.

How can Laryngomalacia be prevented in children?

Laryngomalacia is a birth problem and, therefore, there is no way to prevent it. Early detection and monitoring are vital.

Some of the Essential Steps Are:

  • Conducting an early evaluation by the ENT specialist if the infant is having noisy breathing
  • Monitoring the feeding and growth of the infant
  • Providing prompt treatment when a respiratory infection arises

Follow-up for monitoring breathing and growth helps ensure safe airway management and healthy growth.

Living with Laryngomalacia

For most infants with this disorder, symptoms will gradually improve over time.

Some of the Important Things Parents Should Do Are:

  • Fed their babies while in an upright position
  • Monitor breathing and feeding.
  • Have regular follow-up appointments with ENT specialists
  • Be alert to any changes in breathing or feeding problems.

Parents should consult a doctor immediately if severe breathing problems arise.

Why choose LIKITA ENT Hospital for Laryngomalacia Treatment in Children in Patna, Bihar, India?

Likita ENT Hospital offers safe and effective Laryngomalacia Treatment in Children in Patna, Bihar, India, at an affordable cost. Our team of experienced ENT specialists provides accurate airway and throat examination and diagnostic assessment to identify laryngomalacia and evaluate its effect on the child’s breathing, feeding, and overall airway function. Treatment is tailored according to the severity of symptoms, age of the child, feeding and breathing difficulties, and individual needs, with appropriate monitoring for mild as well as more significant cases. When required, our ENT specialists can manage associated noisy breathing, feeding difficulties, choking, poor weight gain, breathing problems, or sleep-related symptoms and recommend suitable observation, medical management, or surgical treatment, including supraglottoplasty when appropriate. With advanced ENT diagnostic facilities, experienced specialists, and a child-focused approach, Likita ENT Hospital is committed to providing safe, precise, and comfortable Laryngomalacia Treatment in Children in Patna, Bihar, India.

To seek an Expert Consultation for Laryngomalacia Treatment in Children in Patna, Bihar, India:

+91 8797863384 contact@patnaent.com
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